Going down the IT rabbit hole

If you can install RSAT on Windows 7 RTM and than do the update to SP1 – do it. Currently this is the only supported way of using RSAT on Windows 7 updated to SP1.

Use the following steps for testing purposes only. I did clean install of Windows 7 with SP1 already integrated and this was the only way for me to get RSAT working. So far so good .

Here are my steps – first download all necessary files to RSAT folder (D:\RSAT), then:

1. step
Expand the RSAT msu file to a folder like D:\RSAT\RTM:
D:\RSAT>start /wait expand -f:* amd64fre_GRMRSATX_MSU.msu RTM
or
D:\RSAT>start /wait expand -f:* x86fre_GRMRSAT_MSU.msu RTM

2. step
Expand the CAB file included in previously expanded MSU:
D:\RSAT\RTM>start /wait expand -f:* Windows6.1-KB958830-x64.cab Windows6.1-KB958830-x64
or
D:\RSAT\RTM>start /wait expand -f:* Windows6.1-KB976932-x86.exe Windows6.1-KB976932-x86

3. step
Extract Windows 7 Service Pack 1 files to a folder like W7-SP1:
D:\RSAT>start /wait windows6.1-KB976932-X64.exe /X:D:\RSAT\W7-SP1
or
D:\RSAT>start /wait windows6.1-KB976932-X86.exe /X:D:\RSAT\W7-SP1

4. step
Expand the CAB file included in previously extracted EXE:
D:\RSAT\W7-SP1>start /wait expand -f:* windows6.1-KB976932-X64.cab windows6.1-KB976902-X64
or
D:\RSAT\W7-SP1>start /wait expand -f:* windows6.1-KB976932-X86.cab windows6.1-KB976902-X86

5. step
Install the RSAT MUMs (replace the language-specific (en-us) MUM files with the language of your Windows 7 OS!):
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x64\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.7600.16385.mum"
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x64\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum"
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x64\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package-minilp~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum"
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\W7-SP1\windows6.1-KB976932-X64\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.7601.17514.mum"
or
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x86\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~~6.1.7600.16385.mum"
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x86\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum"
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x86\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package-minilp~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum"
D:\RSAT>start /wait pkgmgr /ip /m:"d:\RSAT\W7-SP1\windows6.1-KB976932-X86\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~~6.1.7601.17514.mum"

You can do the same with DISM in one step:
d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x64>DISM.exe /Online /NoRestart /Add-Package /PackagePath:"microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.7600.16385.mum" /PackagePath:"microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum" /PackagePath:"microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package-minilp~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum" /PackagePath:"d:\RSAT\W7-SP1\windows6.1-KB976932-X64\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.1.7601.17514.mum"
or
d:\RSAT\RTM\Windows6.1-KB958830-x86>DISM.exe /Online /NoRestart /Add-Package /PackagePath:"microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~~6.1.7600.16385.mum" /PackagePath:"microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum" /PackagePath:"microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package-minilp~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~en-us~6.1.7600.16385.mum" /PackagePath:"d:\RSAT\W7-SP1\windows6.1-KB976932-X86\microsoft-windows-remoteserveradministrationtools-package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~~6.1.7601.17514.mum"

6. step
Reboot (if needed) and open "Turn Windows Features on or off" and activate the RSAT Tools you want. You can also install all RSAT Tools in one step with DISM:
DISM.exe /Online /NoRestart /Enable-Feature /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-ServerManager" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-CertificateServices" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-CertificateServices-CA" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-CertificateServices-OnlineResponder" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD-DS" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD-DS-SnapIns" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD-DS-AdministrativeCenter" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD-DS-NIS" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD-LDS" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-AD-Powershell" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-DHCP" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-DNS" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-FileServices" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-FileServices-Dfs" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-FileServices-Fsrm" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-FileServices-StorageMgmt" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-HyperV" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Roles-RDS" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-BitLocker" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-Clustering" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-GP" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-LoadBalancing" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-SmtpServer" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-StorageExplorer" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-StorageManager" /FeatureName:"RemoteServerAdministrationTools-Features-Wsrm" /FeatureName:"IIS-LegacySnapIn" /FeatureName:"IIS-IIS6ManagementCompatibility" /FeatureName:"IIS-WebServerManagementTools" /FeatureName:"IIS-WebServerRole" /FeatureName:"IIS-Metabase"

More info on setup error and download links:
– Error message when installing RSAT: ‘This update is not applicable to your computer’
– How-To: Install RSAT (Remote Server Administration Tools) on Win 7 Sp1
– Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 7
– Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1